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The Sorrows Of The Bereaved Spread Before Jesus
by Jonathan Edwards
September 2, 1741.
Matthew 14:12, "And his
disciples came and took up the body and buried it, and went and told
Jesus."
Concerning these words I would observe three things.
I. On what occasion that was, that we have an account of in the text. It
was on occasion of the death of John the Baptist, who was a person whose
business it had been to preach the gospel of the kingdom of God. He was
a minister of Jesus Christ, and had been improved to do great service,
was an instrument of much good to many in Judea and Jerusalem, in his
lifetime. He was cruelly murdered by Herod, at the instigation of
Herodias, having exposed himself to her malice by faithfully reproving
them for their incestuous wickedness.
II. We may observe who the persons were spoken of in the text. They were
those that had been the disciples of John the Baptist, that had sat at
his feet to hear him preach the gospel, that were his constant
followers, that were with him as those that received great benefit by
his ministry, and were as it were his children.
III. We may observe their behavior on this occasion, consisting in two
things.
First, that whereby they showed their regard to the remains of the
deceased, They took up the body and buried it. It had been used in a
barbarous manner, by others, that had also been his hearers, and were
under special obligations to have treated him with honor. They cruelly
murdered him, by severing his head from his body; and his head was
carried in a charger to Herodias, that she, instead of paying that
respect that was due to the remains of so venerable a person, might have
her malice and cruelty gratified by such a spectacle, and that she might
thence take occasion to insult the dead. While that part of the dead
body was thus used by Herodias, his disciples, out of respect and honor
to their master and teacher, decently interred the rest.
Second, that which they did, consequent on this, for God’s glory and
their own good, They went and told Jesus. Him they knew to be one that
their master John, while he lived, had testified a great regard to.
Jesus was he whose forerunner John was; whom he had preached, and of
whom he had said, “Behold the Lamb of God, that taketh away the sin of
the world:” And, “This is he, of whom I said, After me cometh one that
is preferred before me;” and whom he saw, and bare record that this is
the Son of God. And probably they knew that Christ was one that had put
great honor upon John their teacher in his lifetime. For he, though he
was the Son of God, and John’s Maker and Savior, yet came to him to be
baptized of him, and had said of him, that “Among those that were born
of women, there had not risen a greater than John the Baptist.”
It was now a sorrowful time with John’s disciples; when they were thus
bereaved of him whose teachings they had sat under. And the manner of
his death was doubtless very grievous to them. They were like a company
of sorrowful, distressed, bereaved children. And what do they do in
their sorrows, but go to Jesus with their complaint. The first thing
that they do, after paying proper regards to the remains of their dear
master, is to go to Christ, to spread their case before him, seeking
comfort and help from him. Thus they sought their own benefit.
And probably one end of their immediately going and telling Jesus was,
that he, being informed of it, might conduct himself accordingly, as his
wisdom should direct, for the interest of his own kingdom. When so great
a person as John the Baptist, the forerunner of Christ, was thus
martyred, it was a great event, in which the common cause, in which both
Christ and he were engaged, was greatly concerned. It was therefore fit
that he that was at the head of the whole affair should be informed of
it, for his future conduct in the affairs of his kingdom. And
accordingly we find that Jesus seems immediately to be influenced in his
conduct by these tidings; as you may see in the next verse. “When Jesus
heard of it, he departed thence by a ship into a desert place apart.”
Thus John’s disciples sought God’s glory.
The observation from the words that I would make the subject of my
discourse at this times, is this:
When anyone is taken away by death, that has been eminent in the work of
the gospel ministry, such as are thereby bereaved, should go and spread
their calamity before Jesus.
Though in handling this subject I might particularly speak to several
propositions that are contained in this observation, and many things
might profitably be insisted on under it, if there were room for it
within the compass of a sermon; yet I shall only give the reasons of the
doctrine, and then hasten to the application.
The following reasons may be given why, in case of such an awful
dispensation of Providence, those that are concerned in it, and bereaved
by it, should go and spread their sorrow before Jesus:
1. Christ is one that is ready to pity the afflicted. It is natural for
persons that are bereaved of any that are dear to them, and for all
under deep sorrow, to seek some that they may declare and lay open their
griefs to, that they have good reason to think will pity them, and have
a fellow-feeling with them of their distress. The heart that is full of
grief wants vent, and desires to pour out its complaint; but it seeks a
compassionate friend to pour it out before.
Christ is such an one, above all others. He of old, before his
incarnation, manifested himself full of compassion towards his people.
For that is Jesus that is spoken of [in] Isa. 63:9, “In all their
affliction he was afflicted; and the angel of his presence saved them;
and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.” And when he was
upon earth in his state of humiliation, he was the most wonderful
instance of a tender, pitiful, compassionate spirit, that ever appeared
in the world. How often are we told of his having compassion on one and
another! So Mat. 15:32, “Then Jesus called his disciples, and said unto
them, I have compassion on the multitude.” So he had compassion on the
man possessed with devils. Mark 5:19, “Go home to thy friends, and tell
them how great things the Lord hath done to thee, and hath had
compassion on thee.” So we read of his pitying the mother, that was
bereaved of her son. Luke 7:13. There we have an account, when Christ
went into the city of Nain, and met the people carrying out a dead man,
the only son of his mother, that was a widow, that when he saw her, he
had compassion on her. So when the two blind men that sat by the wayside
cried to Jesus, as he passed by, saying, “Have mercy on us, O Lord, thou
Son of David,” we read that Jesus had compassion on them. Mat. 20:30. So
we read of his being moved with compassion. Mat. 14:14, “And Jesus went
forth, and saw a great multitude, and when he saw them he was moved with
compassion.” His speeches to his disciples were full of compassion;
especially those that he uttered a little before his death, of which we
have an account in the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 16th chapters of John. His
miracles were almost universally deeds of pity to persons under
affliction.
And seeing such a pitiful heart appeared in him on all occasions, no
wonder that John’s disciples, when bereaved to their dear guide and
teacher, and their hearts were full of sorrow, came to him for pity.
Which likewise induced Mary and Martha to come and fall down, pouring
out their tears at Jesus’ feet, when their dear brother Lazarus was
dead. Other Jews came to comfort them, before Jesus came, whom they
little regarded, but when they heard that Jesus was come, they soon go
and spread their sorrows before him. They were assured that he would
pity them; and their expectation was not frustrated; for he was most
tenderly affected and moved at their tears. We are told that on that
occasion he groaned in spirit and was troubled. John 11:33. And when he
came to the grave, it is observed, and a special note seems to be set
upon it, that he wept, verse 35.
He was one that wept with those that wept. And indeed it was mere pity
that brought him into the world, and induced him not only to shed tears
but to shed his blood. He poured out his blood as water on the earth,
out of compassion to the poor, miserable children of men. And when do we
ever read of any one person coming to him when on earth, with a heavy
heart, or under any kind of sorrow or distress for pity or help, but
what met with a kind and compassionate reception?
And he has the same compassion now he is ascended into glory. There is
still the same encouragement for the bereaved ones to go and spread
their sorrows before him.
Afflicted persons love to speak of their sorrows to them that have had
EXPERIENCE of affliction, and know what sorrow is. But there is none on
earth or in heaven that ever had so much experience of sorrow as Christ.
Therefore he knows how to pity the sorrowful, and especially may we be
confident that he is ready to pity those that are bereaved of a faithful
MINISTER, because such a bereavement is a calamity that concerns the
souls of men; and Christ hath especially shown his pity to men’s souls.
For it was chiefly for them that he died, to relieve the miseries of the
soul especially, is it that he hath provided. And it was from pity to
the souls of men that he made that provision for them that he hath done,
in appointing such an order of men as GOSPEL MINISTERS, and in sending
them forth to preach the gospel. It was because he had compassion on
men’s souls, that he hath appointed ministers to watch for souls.
2. Christ has purchased all that persons need under such a bereavement.
He has purchased all that miserable men stand in need of under all their
calamities, and comfort under every sort of affliction. And therefore
that his invitation to those that “Labour and are heavy laden,” with
either natural or moral evil: he has purchased divine cordials and
supports for those hearts that are ready to sink: he has purchased all
needed comfort and help for the widow and the fatherless: he has
purchased a sanctified improvement and fruit of affliction, for all such
as come to him, and spread their sorrows before him. He has purchased
those things that are sufficient to make up their loss, that are
bereaved of a great blessing in an eminent minister of the gospel. It is
he that has purchased those divine blessings, those influences and
fruits of the Spirit of God, that the work of the ministry is appointed
to be the means of. Faithful ministers themselves are the fruits of his
purchase; and he has purchased all those gifts and graces whereby
ministers do become faithful, eminent, and successful. And therefore
when he “ascended up on high, he received such gifts for men.” Eph. 4:8,
etc. — So that he has purchased all that is needed to make up for the
loss that is sustained by the death of an eminent minister.
3. Christ is able to afford all that help that is needed in such a case.
His power and his wisdom are as sufficient as his purpose, and
answerable to his compassions. By the bowels of his mercies, the love
and tenderness of his heart, he is disposed to help those that are in
affliction; and his ability is answerable to his disposition. He is able
to support the heart under the heaviest sorrows, and to give light in
the darkness. He can divide the thickest cloud with beams of heavenly
light and comfort. He is one that gives songs in the night, and turns
the shadow of death into the morning. He has power to make up the loss
of those that are bereaved by the death of the most eminent minister.
His own presence with the bereaved is sufficient. If the great Shepherd
and Bishop of souls be present, how much more is this than enough to
supply the want of any under shepherd! And then he is able to furnish
others with like gifts and graces for that work .
Persons under sorrowful bereavements are ready to go and lay open their
sorrows to them that they think will be ready to pity them, though they
know they can but pity them, and cannot help them. How much more is here
in such a case to induce us to go to Jesus, who is not only so ready to
pity, but so able to help, able abundantly more than to fill up the
breach, and able to turn all our sorrows into joy!
4. The consideration of the special office of Christ, and the work that
he has undertaken for his people, should engage them to go and spread
such a calamity, as the bereavement of a faithful and eminent minister,
before him. For he is the Head of the body, the great Shepherd of the
sheep, and Lord of the harvest; that has undertaken the care of the
whole church, and has the absolute government of it in his hands, and
the supreme disposal and management of all ecclesiastical affairs; to
whom belongs the care of the universal church, and every part of it,
with respect to its supply with such guides, officers, and ordinances,
as it stands in need of. In case of bereavement of an eminent minister,
it was he that sent forth such a minister, appointed him his charge, and
furnished him for his work, continued and assisted him in it, and in his
own time removed him. And it is he that, in such a case, by his office,
has the care of filling up the vacancy, and furnishing, establishing,
and assisting successors, and supplying all the wants of bereaved
churches. It is surely therefore suitable and natural to go to him in
such a case, and spread such a calamity before him.
APPLICATION
I come now to apply what has been said to the SORROWFUL OCCASION of our
being thus assembled at this time, even the death of that aged SERVANT
of God, who has long been eminent in the work of the gospel ministry in
this place.
There are many that may well look on themselves as nearly concerned in
this awful providence, and sharers in the bereavement; all of whom
should be directed by this doctrine, to go and spread their affliction
before Jesus, that compassionate, all-sufficient Head of the church, and
Savior of the body, that merciful and faithful High Priest, that knows
how to pity the afflicted.
And particularly it now becomes and concerns you, that belong to this
church and congregation, that are bereaved of your aged and eminent
PASTOR and FATHER, that has so long been a great blessing to you, now to
go and tell JESUS.
The disciples of John, spoken of in the text, were those that were
ordinarily under his instruction, and were his constant hearers, as it
has been with you with respect to your aged PASTOR, that is now taken
from you. Therefore be exhorted to do as they did. Do not think that you
have finished your duty, when you have taken up his body and buried it,
and have shown respect to his memory and remains at his funeral. This is
the least part of your duty. That which mainly concerns you under this
awful providence, is between Christ and your own souls.
God has now taken away from you an able and faithful minister of the New
Testament, one that had long been a FATHER to you, and a FATHER in our
Israel, a person of uncommon natural abilities and distinguished
learning, a great divine, of very comprehensive knowledge, and of a
solid, accurate judgment. — Judiciousness and wisdom were eminently his
character. He was one of eminent gifts, qualifying him for all parts of
the work of the ministry; and there appeared a savor of holiness in his
exercise of those gifts in public and private: so that he improved them
as a servant of Christ, and a man of God. He was not negligent of the
talents which his Lord had committed to him. You need not be told with
what constant diligence he improved them, how studious at home, and how
laborious in his public work. He ever devoted himself to the work to
which he is called. The ministry which he had received of the Lord, he
took heed to fulfill and pursued it with a constant and steadfast, even
mind, through all its difficulties.
You know his manner of addressing heaven in his public prayers with you
and for you, with what sanctity, humility, faith, and fervency, he
seemed to apply himself to the FATHER of lights, from time to time, when
he stood in this desk as your mouth to God, and interceding for you,
pleading with God through the grace and merits of a glorious MEDIATOR.
And you know his manner of applying himself to you, when he came to you,
from time to time, in the name of the Lord.
In his PUBLIC ministry, he mainly insisted on the most weighty and
important things of religion. He was eminently an evangelical preacher;
evangelical subjects seemed to be his delight. CHRIST was the subject of
his preaching; and he much insisted on those things that did nearly
concern the essence and power of religion; and had a peculiar faculty of
judiciously and clearly handling the doctrines he insisted on, and
treating properly whatever subject he took in hand; and of selecting the
most weighty arguments and motives to enforce and set home those things
that concern Christian experience and practice. His subjects were always
weighty, and his manner of treating them peculiarly happy, showing the
strength and accuracy of his judgment, and ever breathing for the SPIRIT
OF PIETY, and a deep sense of the things he delivered, on his heart. His
sermons were none of them mean, but were all solid, wise compositions.
His words were none of them vain, but all were weighty.
And you need not be told with what weight the welfare of your souls
seemed to lie on his heart, and how he instructed, and reproved, and
warned, and exhorted you, with all authority, and with a fatherly tender
concern for your eternal good. And with what wisdom he presided in the
house of God, and guided its affairs; and also counseled and directed
you in private, under your particular soul exercises and difficulties.
You know how he has brought you up (for most of you have been trained up
from your childhood under his ministry), with what authority, and with
what judgment, prudence, and steadiness, he has conducted you, as well
as meekness and gentleness. You know his manner of going in and out
among you, how exemplary his walk and conversation has been, with what
gravity, judgment, and savor of holiness, he has walked before you, as a
man of God.
You have enjoyed great advantages for your souls’ good, under his
ministry. That you had such a minister was your privilege and your
honor. He has been an ornament to the town of Hatfield. And his presence
and conversation amongst you has been both profitable and pleasant; for
though it was such as did peculiarly command AWE and RESPECT, yet it
was, at the same time, HUMBLE and CONDESCENDING. It tended both to
instruct and entertain those that he conversed with. As a wise man, and
endued with knowledge, he showed out of a good conversation his works
with meekness of wisdom
But now it hath pleased a holy God to take him away from you. You will
see his face and hear his voice no more in the land of the living. You
will no more have the comfort and benefits of his presence with you, and
the exercise of his ministry among you.
Therefore now go to Jesus, the Supreme Head of the church, and Bishop of
souls. Your pastor is dead, and will not live again till the last day.
But Christ, the chief Shepherd, though he was dead, is now alive! And
behold, he lives forevermore. He ever lives to provide for his church,
and to guide and feed his flock. Go to that Jesus whom your deceased
pastor preached, and to whom he earnestly invited you while he lived,
and give thanks for the many blessings you enjoyed in him. Remember how
you have received and heard, and hold fast, that no man take your crown:
*1* and go and humble yourselves also before him, that you made no
better improvement of the ministry of your pastor while he lived. And
beg of him a sanctified improvement of his awful hand in taking him
away, and that he would help you to remember his warnings and counsels
that you too much slighted whilst you had them, lest those warnings and
counsels cry against you, and rise up in judgment against you another
day, lest you see your pastor, that so affectionately, and earnestly,
and so often, and for so long a time, continued to exhort you, and
earnestly prayed for you, while he lived, rising up in judgment, and
bearing testimony against you, declaring how constantly and laboriously
he entreated and called upon you, and how obstinately some of you
slighted his counsels; and lest you see him sitting with Christ to judge
and condemn you, and adoring his awful justice on your aggravated
punishment.
All you that have an interest in JESUS, now go to him on this occasion,
and tell him of your bereavement, and beg of him that he would not
depart from you; but that he would make up his loss in his own immediate
presence. Go to him for your surviving pastor, that he would be with
him, and furnish him more and more for, and assist him in, that great
work that is now wholly devolved upon him and make him also a burning
and shining light amongst you; and that you may have of the presence and
blessing of JESUS with you, and him.
And now, since I am called to speak in the name of Christ on this solemn
occasion, I would apply myself to the near relations of the deceased,
who are especially to be looked upon as the bereaved.
God in his holy providence has taken from you one that has been a great
blessing, comfort, and honor to you, and deservedly very dear to you,
and honored of you. The doctrine we are upon directs you what to do in
your present circumstances, viz. to go to JESUS, to go and spread your
affliction before an all-sufficient Redeemer.
And particularly I would apply myself to the honored relict, who stood
in the nearest relation of any to the deceased, whom God by this awful
providence has made a sorrowful widow. Suffer me, honored madam, in your
great affliction, to exhibit to you a compassionate Redeemer. God has
now taken from you that servant of his, that was the nearest and best
friend you had in this world, that was your wise and prudent guide, your
affectionate and pleasant companion, who was so great a blessing while
he lived, to you and your family, and, under Christ, was so much the
comfort and support of your life. You see, madam, where your resort must
be. Your earthly friends can condole your loss, but cannot make it up to
you. We must all confess ourselves to be but miserable comforters. But
you may go and tell Jesus, and there you may have both support and
reparation. His love and his presence is far beyond that of the nearest
and most affectionate earthly friend. Now you are bereaved of your
earthly consort, you may go to a spiritual husband, and seek his
compassion and his company. He is the fountain of all that wisdom and
prudence, that piety, that tender affection and faithful care, that you
enjoyed in your departed consort. In him is an infinite fountain of all
these things, and of all good. In him you may have light in your
darkness, comfort in your sorrow, and fullness of joy and glory in
another world, in an everlasting union with your dear, deceased
relative, in the glorious presence of the same Redeemer, in whose
presence is fullness of joy, and at whose right hand are pleasures
forevermore.
This doctrine also directs the bereaved, afflicted children, that are,
with hearts full of grief, now mourning over a dear departed father,
where to go and what to do. You will no longer have your father’s wisdom
to guide you, his tender love to comfort and delight you, and his
affectionate care to guard and assist you, and his pious and judicious
counsels to direct you, and his holy examples set before you, and his
fervent, humble, believing prayers with you and for you.
But in the blessed Jesus, your father’s Lord and Redeemer, you may have
much more than all those things. Your father’s virtues that made him so
great a blessing to you, were but the image of what is in Christ.
Therefore go to him in your mourning; go and tell Jesus; tell a
compassionate Savior what has befallen you. Heretofore you have had an
earthly father to go to, whose heart was full of tenderness to you. But
the heart of his Redeemer is much more tender; his wisdom and his love
is infinitely beyond that of any earthly parent. Go to him, and then you
will surely find comfort. Go to him, and you will find that, though you
are bereaved, yet you are not left in any want. You will find that all
your wants are supplied, and all your loss made up, and much more than
so.
But here I would particularly, in humility, address myself to my honored
fathers, the sons of the deceased, that are improved in the same great
work of the gospel ministry, or in other public business for the service
of their generation. Honored sirs, though it might be more proper for me
to come to you for instruction and counsel, than to take it upon me to
exhort you, yet as I am one that ought to have a fellow-feeling of your
affliction, and to look on myself as a sharer in it, and as you have
desired me to speak in the name of Christ, on this occasion, suffer me
to mention to you that source of comfort, that infinite fountain of
good, one of the larger streams of which has failed by the death of an
earthly father, even the blessed Jesus. You will doubtless acknowledge
it as an instance of his great goodness to you, that you have been the
sons of such a father; being sensible that your reputation and
serviceableness in your generation, have been, under Christ, very much
owing to the great advantages you have been under, by his instructions,
counsels, and education. And is it not fit that children that have
learned of such a faithful servant of Christ, and been brought up at his
feet, now he is dead, should do as John the Baptist’s disciples did, go
and tell Jesus? From whom you may receive comfort under your
bereavement, and from whom you may receive more of that Spirit that
dwelt in him, and greater degrees of those virtues he derived from
Christ, to cause you to shine brighter, and to make you still greater
blessings in your generation. Now death has veiled and hid from sight a
star that shone with reflected light, our text and doctrine leads you to
the Sun, that hath light in himself, and shines with infinite, unfailing
brightness. And while you go to Jesus, honored sirs, on this occasion
for yourselves, I humbly desire your requests to him for us the
surviving ministers of this county, that he would be with us, now he has
taken from us him that was a father amongst us.
I next would address myself to the surviving pastor of this church. We
may well look upon you, reverend sir, as one in an especial manner
concerned in this awful providence, and that has a large share in the
bereavement. You doubtless are sensible what reason you have to bless
God for the advantage you have had, in serving in the gospel of Christ,
so long as you have done, with the venerable person deceased, as a son
with a father, enjoying the benefit of his instructions, counsels, and
example. And particularly, you will often recollect the affectionate and
fatherly counsels he gave you, to diligence and faithfulness in your
Lord’s work, with encouragement of his protection and assistance to
carry you through all difficulties, the last evening of his life. And
now, dear sir, God has taken him from you, as he took Elijah from
Elisha, and as he took John the Baptist, the New Testament Elijah, from
his disciples. Therefore now you are directed what to do, viz. go and
tell Jesus; as those disciples did. You have now a great work devolved
upon you. You have him no more, who, while he lived, was as a father to
you, to guide and assist you, and take the burthen of your great work
from you. Therefore you have nowhere else to go, but to your great Lord
and Master, that has sent you to labor in that part of his vineyard,
where his aged, and now departed, servant was employed, to seek strength
and wisdom, and divine influence and assistance from him, and a double
portion of that Spirit that dwelt in your predecessor.
And lastly, The text I am upon may be of direction to us the surviving
ministers of this county, what to do on this sorrowful occasion. God has
now taken our father and master from our head. He has removed him that
has heretofore, under Christ, been very much our strength, that we have
been wont to resort to it in difficult cases for instruction and
direction, and that used to be amongst us from time to time, in our
associations, and that we were wont to behold as the head and ornament
of those conventions. Where else can we now go but to Jesus, the ever
living Head of the whole church, and Lord of the whole harvest, the
Fountain of light, our great Lord and Master, that sends all gospel
ministers, and on whom they universally depend? Let this awful
providence bring us to look to Christ, to seek more of his presence with
us; and that HE would preside as head in our associations. Let it bring
us to a more immediate and entire dependence upon him, for instruction
and direction, in all our difficulties.
Let us on this occasion consider what God has done in this county of
late years. It was not many years ago that the county was filled with
aged ministers, that were our fathers. But our fathers, where are they?
What a great alteration is made in a little time, in the churches in
this part of the land! How frequent of late have been the warnings of
this kind that God has given us to prepare to give up our account! Let
us go to Jesus, and seek grace of him that we may be faithful while we
live, and that he would assist us in our great work, that when we also
are called hence, we may give up our account with joy and not with
grief, and that hereafter we may meet those our fathers, that have gone
before us in the faithful labors of the gospel, and that we may shine
forth with them, as the brightness of the firmament, and as the stars
forever and ever.
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